Kinsella, Depression and Why Mental Health Matters

I’m no expert in depression, but I had always assumed that people suffering from it mostly harmed themselves, not others. If the early reports about Andreas Lubitz are true, however, that assumption is plainly wrong. Lubitz’s apparent act of suicide was also an act of homicide, on a massive scale.

Can anyone refer the rest of us to writings on this issue? It’s important, I think, because it may help answer the “why” that lingers over then tragedy of Flight 9525. It’s also important because I suspect we are going to now see measures to exclude people with depression from certain roles in society – like airline pilots.

There's a fair bit of academic understanding around depression, mental health and cognitive function in general - the problem is so much of it feels counter-intuitive.

As poster Ablana suggests, there isn't always a big plan behind suicidal acts, nor is it always tied to depression: http://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/suicide-often-not-preceded-by-warnings-201209245331 If you think about this, it makes sense - figuring out the right way to do it requires research and planning.  You can't think too much about it without considering consequences, including what happens if your plan fails.

There's nowhere near enough information to conclude what exactly happened with the Germanwings pilot - there may never be - but it does help to get into the headspace of depression a bit to see how it may have led one man to murder many.  

Picture yourself in a vibrant world full of smiling, happy people; everyone's enjoying life, having a good time.  Then imagine a glass partition lies between you and them.  Beyond that invisible wall, the smiling people start smirking or outright laughing at you.  Or maybe they simple ignore you're there.  Your little glass cubicle starts to fill up with water, obscuring your view of the people beyond.  The water gets darker, heavier, and before long the world right beyond your barrier is entirely lost from sight.  If the pilot felt like this, if his depression was severe enough, he might not have really had any emotional connection with the consequences of his acts on others.

Depression can also repress all the neurochemicals that make us happy, engaging, or competitive - food loses its taste, jokes lose their humour, sex provides no pleasure.  Self-injury becomes a way to feel SOMETHING other than the dull ache of loneliness that envelops the individual like a shroud.  Severely depressed people can also feel like an illness, a source of pain for those they love the most.  You wouldn't tend to think of suicide as an act of altruism, but for people who feel less than worthless, that's the frame it can take.  

Kinsella raises a timely and thought-provoking question about depression and employment.  Of course, people with mental illnesses like depression or schizophrenia or conditions like ADHD and autism are already excluded from much of society.  An introvert may be the best choice for a job that involves operational skills, but if they aren't one of John Tory's aggressive golfers, will they get noticed?  What about an autistic kid like Jacob Barnett - if his parents hadn't taken a significant gamble, he could have been packing groceries at Wal-Mart instead of becoming the next Einstein.  That's a key point; we have understanding, medicine, tools and training to mitigate the negative impacts of mental health concerns to the same degree we can manage diabetes or HIV.  What we lack is a culture that wants to do this. Mental health is the left-handedness of our time.

Here's where I'll get controversial.

Depression is a seen as a social negative, ie something to be contained or removed.  If depression gets tied to acts of murder, there will unquestionably be a crack-down on people with diagnoses of depression, driving admissions even lower.  It won't matter, though, because the internet allows potential employers to scour every public facet of a potential employee's life; if you've posted some depressing thoughts on Twitter or Facebook, what impact will that have on your ability to land work?  If people crying out for help on the most anonymous platform we have are punished for doing so, what will that do to worsen depression in general?

If you're an employer, you might say "not my problem - I'm looking for the best so I can be the best for my clients/most competitive in my sector."  Survival of the fittest, etc., with the spoils going to those best able to take them through persuasion, persistence or force.

So now picture yourself as an Alpha hustler, aiming for fame and fortune, unwilling to let anything or anyone get in your way.  It's a bit like the rest of the world lies behind a glass barrier, with those blocking your Critical Path presenting themselves as obstacles, those who can support you serving as stepping stones and everyone else - they just fade away, like Jack slipping between the water in Titanic.

Depression isolates the individual, but so does narcissism and sociopathy, also considered diagnosable mental health conditions.    Narcissists and sociopaths are really good at taking from others and have little regard for the impact of their actions on others.  Yet these are the sorts of people who rise to the top, elbow their way into the corner office or the Prime Minister's office.

While their actions can certainly be self-destructive, they tend to be pretty good at fending off the consequences of those actions through charm or threats.  Sociopaths are pretty good at holding grudges and have no problem using fear and force to achieve their goals.

We've seen enough high power people break the law and social conventions for personal gain; we don't like it, maybe, but we generally accept that that's how the game works.

But what about when sociopaths make choices that impact the lives of others?  What if sociopathic politicians do things like cut science research, demonize minority groups or wage wars for tactical political advantage?

Is there a difference between a man with depression crashing a plane and killing all the passengers and a sociopath ordering the direct (a bombing, say) or indirect (cutting of needed services) death of others?

You can draw a lot of inferences here, but please understand  my intent is not to pick on individuals, but the cultural context.  Mental health is on the radar in a way it wasn't even a couple of years ago; the correlation between work and conditions of work, mental health and productivity are also being seriously discussed (think police, PTSD and the avoidable deaths of mentally ill civilians).

We're talking about mental health, and some of us are actually starting to get how critical an issue it is to everything from driving behaviour to parenting ability to innovation, but by and large we still don't get mental health.

It's a bit like germ theory - we accept that people get sick, but assume getting sick or not getting sick has something to do with personal "toughness" or black magic and nothing to do with hygiene and environment.  It's interesting that anti-vaccine people use very similar arguments to anti-med for mental illness folk do, with the importance of environment being down graded in both cases.

Kinsella is right to ask questions and raise concerns about depression and performance (especially around positions that are responsible for the lives of others), but that's just one part of the elephant.

The ability and even desire to kill another human being as though they were not human - that's mental health.  The desire to put self-interest above all else, even the well-being of others - that's mental health. The creative impulse, the oxytocin benefits of giving to charity or the urge to push past human limits with cocaine and hookers on Wall Street - that's all mental health.

There are no clear-cut answers to how we should handle all of this, but that's because there isn't any set-in-stone image of what we're supposed to be.  As the collateral damage of our resistance to tackle mental health head-on mounts, though, there's a wall we're pushing up against as to how long we can ignore the complex truth.

Like a tidal wave, there's only so long a wall can take constant barraging before it breaks down.  

Which is why I remain rationally optimistic about where we go from here.

I have been told that the average length of time between someone deciding to commit suicide and acting on the thought is 10 minutes. I don’t know how you protect against that. We don’t, as a society, deal well with mental illness in any of its myriad forms. That is something we can address. All it takes is a willingness to confront those demons.

Designing the Perfect Get-Away Space

Elton is quiet.  "I spend a lot of time thinking," he says.  "I don't talk a lot, but my mind is working overtime."  The tunnel that Elton built, a 10-minute walk from home in the ravine below Driftwood Court, was his portal into a world of quiet.

The story of Elton McDonald, the Toronto Tunnel builder, fascinates me.  

Here's a guy that dedicated a massive amount of time learning skills, iterating, experimenting and constantly working to create something unique.  These are all the talents employers theoretically want in employees; it's also the sort of experience a millenials wants in employment - the ability to learn new skills, grow as individuals/professionals and be an active part of building something.

I've been near the centre of a growing number of related conversations over the past couple years on youth employment, youth engagement, civic engagement, open government/data, open data, digital tools and back to youth employment.  The common theme from all these conversations is building something new, building something collaboratively, building something that people feel they have a stake in, but that can benefit others as well.

The CODE Hackathon is a great example of this - so is Ontario's Budget Talks or TGIF Tuesday, a policy hack I did with Toronto Youth Cabinet.  I believe (and I'm not alone in this) that the trend line is this: all these separate acts of engagement, creation, community-building and digital connectivity/tools is laying the groundwork for our next big social revolution, like the Industrial Revolution or the Green Revolution before it.  Change is clearly in the air, as is disruption - the question is #howmightwe move more quickly and productively, plus less painfully, from where we are to where we're going?

At the same time, of course, there are many who are uncomfortable with change and want it to stop. We have politicians who are determined to resurrect the manufacturing economy, employers who insist that traditional top-down hierarchical leadership is the way things should be, parents who reject their kids learning new things and all kinds of people rejecting social changes from empowered women to diversified socio-cultural norms.

It goes without saying that society is simply busier, too - we're crowded by people, words, images, even when we're in our own homes.  There's real value in having spaces that we have at least co-designed as refuges, places to think, to iterate, to unplug, or process, or discuss.

Every year there's enough snow, I build a quinzee - essentially, an igloo made from piling and digging.  The building of this relaxes me, gives me an outlet for my energy, something to do with my snow, an opportunity to play with my kids outdoors, but it also gives me a quiet space I can hole up in and feel 100% comfortable in, because I made it with that purpose in mind.  

I've similarly built a "me zone" for my wife; it's got a comfy couch, a fireplace, a big-screen TV, a bar and a couple other amenities.  It's out of Lego, so not a physical space she can really retreat into (I don't have enough blocks for that!) but I know the concept will make her happy, feel a swell of gratitude for the effort and that feeling alone will help ease some of her daily stress, even if just for a bit.  Plus, I got to create, and better than that I got to create something that will make someone happy.

Elton McDonald has decided to turn his 15 minutes into an opportunity to empower others - essentially, to create opportunity for his peers.  Rexdale Lab, The Workshop and countless other community-generated initiatives are trying to do the same thing.  Citizens Academy focuses on capacity-building for civic engagement, Techsdale for digital/tech skills to help youth develop the skills they need to succeed in the modern economy, but they're all variations on the same theme - motivated individuals creating spaces that empower people to learn, grow, experiment and develop the tools they need to build themselves.

Kinda like schools.

It's not a coincidence that the TDSB is in conversations about the future of education (what do we want schools to provide for youth, what kinds of abilities do we want youth to have when they emerge?), that John Tory is all about empowering the disenfranchised/harnessing creativity, learning from models like the South by South West festival in Austin, Texas.  It's simply fortuitous that we also have increasing calls for youth-oriented spaces while our student populations are dwindling to the point that schools need to find new purposes.  

So, here's a challenge for you - #howmightwe tie these threads all together, starting small and working big?  Could we have spaceathons that teach youth about the design thinking process, then facilitate discussions on what the perfect youth incubation/thinking space could look like?  How would you mix shared and quiet space?  How would it work time-wise?  What would be security measures, accessibility measures, how would it be accessed, who would it be targeted to?

Then, those spaces could become hubs for the next tier of discussion - how do we design public spaces and services to be more conducive to social business - and what does that business look like?  From there, we can expand to the sorts of conversations happening at global Open Data events or the Americas Forum - what should governance look like?  What should the economy look like?

Co-designed space, tools to build with and mentorship/opportunities to learn how to build with them, breathing room for contemplation and creativity, things to aim for, then ways to connect; that's all it takes.

Perhaps designing the perfect get-away space is where it starts.